附录 A: 重写 Spring Boot 依赖项
当在Spring Boot应用中使用Spring对Apache Kafka的支持时，Apache Kafka的依赖版本由Spring Boot的依赖管理确定。
如果希望使用不同的kafka-clients或kafka-streams版本，并且希望通过嵌入式Kafka代理进行测试，则需要覆盖Spring Boot依赖管理使用的版本，并添加两个test的Apache Kafka artifacts。
Maven
<properties>
<kafka.version>3.1.0</kafka.version>
</properties>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.kafka</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-kafka</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- optional - only needed when using kafka-streams -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.kafka</groupId>
<artifactId>kafka-streams</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.kafka</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-kafka-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.kafka</groupId>
<artifactId>kafka-clients</artifactId>
<classifier>test</classifier>
<scope>test</scope>
<version>${kafka.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.kafka</groupId>
<artifactId>kafka_2.13</artifactId>
<classifier>test</classifier>
<scope>test</scope>
<version>${kafka.version}</version>
</dependency>Gradle
ext['kafka.version'] = '2.8.1'
dependencies {
implementation 'org.springframework.kafka:spring-kafka'
implementation "org.apache.kafka:kafka-streams" // optional - only needed when using kafka-streams
testImplementation ('org.springframework.kafka:spring-kafka-test') {
// needed if downgrading to Apache Kafka 2.8.1
exclude group: 'org.apache.zookeeper', module: 'zookeeper'
}
testImplementation "org.apache.kafka:kafka-clients:${kafka.version}:test"
testImplementation "org.apache.kafka:kafka_2.13:${kafka.version}:test"
}测试范围的依赖项只有在您在测试中使用嵌入式Kafka broker时才需要。